Why doesn't OpenCL allow goto or recursion?

Or why does it exist in the first place considering that C is supposed (and technically can) run on almost everything. Is it just laziness on their part?

And why would OpenCL and GLSL be a different languages?

The latest OpenCL 2.1 and SPIR-V specs support recursion and goto. Vulkan will also support it.

Unfortunately, you likely aren't going to see widespread support for this on older hardware, only GPUs released in the last year and later.