Any sufficiently advanced type system is an ad-hoc re-implementation of Prolog

Any sufficiently advanced type system is an ad-hoc re-implementation of Prolog. Once you have unification and backtracking you basically have Prolog and can implement whatever Turing machine you want with the type system.

Type-Oriented Programming

Type Adapter pattern
In this adapter pattern, the adapter contains an instance of the typeclass it wraps. In this situation, the adapter makes calls to the instance of the wrapped type.

The Gang of Four defines the Visitor as:

Represent an operation to be performed on elements of an type structure. Visitor lets you overload a new operation without changing the typeclasses of the elements on which it operates.

The nature of the Visitor makes it an ideal pattern to plug into public APIs thus allowing its clients to perform operations on a typeclass using a "visiting" class without having to modify the source.[1]

A proxy, in its most general form, is a typeclass functioning as an interface to something else. The proxy could interface to anything: a network connection, a large object in memory, a file, or some other resource that is expensive or impossible to duplicate. In short, a proxy is a wrapper or agent type that is being called by the client to access the real serving type behind the scenes. Use of the proxy can simply be forwarding to the real type, or can provide additional logic.